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Axum is Ethiopia’s oldest city estimated to be 2000 years old. Long standing Ethiopian tradition holds that Axum was the capital of the Queen of Sheba in the 10 century BC. While the historical credibility of this legend is questioned the existence of a sophisticated civilization in the area is traced back to the 4th century BC.
The ancient capital of the Axumite Empire located in the North of Ethiopia is also allegedly the resting place of the Ark of the Covenant which is said to be in Ethiopia ever since it was brought to Axum by Emperor Menelik the First, son of King Solomon of Israel and the Queen of Sheba.
The Axumite Empire is historically documented as having been a dominate power in the region the Roman Empire and the Indian Empire for more than a thousand years. The empire was a major player in trade, minting its own currency.
The most identifiable element of the Axumite legacy is the giant obelisks. It is thought that these stone towers were erected to mark graves or to represent the era’s equivalent of skyscrapers. The largest of the obelisks would have measure 33 meter if it had not fallen. The largest obelisk still standing is 23 meters high. Another obelisk taken by the Italian occupation force during the second world was returned to Ethiopia after 68 years.
Erta Ale -Is a continuously active basaltic shield volcano & the most active volcano found in the Afar Region of northeastern Ethiopia. Erta Ale means “ smoking mountain” in the local Afar language and its southernmost pit is known locally as the gateway to hell” Erta Ale is centered over the east Africa rift system which is a triple junction setting that results in the formation of a pull apart basin.
DALLOL- is an area of phreatic craters in the barren salt plain North-North East of the Erta Ale Range in one of the lowest (and hottest) areas of the desolate Danakil depression. The Dallol craters are the lowest know sub aerial volcanic vents in the world. The most recent of these craters was formed during an eruption in 1926. The Dallol area is characterized by colorful hot brine springs and furmarolic deposits.
LUCY (Australopithecus afarensis)-is the oldest and most complete hominid skeleton at more than 3 million years of age. Lucy was found in Hadar in Afar by the archeological team of Donald Johnson and Tom Gray on the 24th of November 1974. Lucy was named in honor of the Beatles song ‘Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds’ the scientific name Australopithecus afarensis means ‘Southern Ape of Afar’ but locally called Dinkinesh means Amazing or Wonderful.
The city was founded in 1632 by Emperor Fasiladas who recognized the need for a permanent capital to provide internal stability. The city served as the capital of Ethiopia from the time of Fasiladas (16 32-1667) until the end of the reign of Emperor Tewodros (1855-68).
The city of Gondar is best known for the 17th century castles and palaces. The main imperial precinct of the city is known as the Royal Enclosure that houses six castles with raised walkways and connecting tunnels surrounded by high stone walls & the design of this castles reflects influences from Axumite, Portuguese and Indian styles.
Gondar is also very famous & one of the best places in Ethiopia to attend Epiphany extremely colorful three-day festival commemorating the baptism of Christ. It takes place in a very well preserved bathing palace which is filled with water fromKaha River every year for the annual ‘Timket’ (Epiphany) festivities.
Known locally as the Abay, the Blue Nile is one of the two main tributaries to the Nile River. According to the bible Abay is the same as the River Ghion that was one of the rivers originating from Eden in the book of Genesis.
A notable feature of the Abay River is the ‘Tis issat’ fall. The breathtaking water fall is four hundred meters wide when in flood dropping over a sheer chasm more than forty five meters deep. The falls throw up a continuous spray of water which drenches onlookers up to a kilometer away. The mist deluge from the spray produces rainbows, shimmering across the gorge, and a small perennial rainforest of lush green vegetation sheltering multicolored birds.
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